Osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to an increased risk of fracture. Bone strength reflects the integration of two features bone density and bone quality. Bone density refers to grams of mineral per area or volume and in any given individual is determined by peak bone mass and amount of bone loss. Bone quality refers to architecture, turnover, damage accumulation (micro fractures) and mineralization. A fracture may easily occur when trauma is applied to an osteoporic bone.

Osteoporosis can be characterized as either primary or secondary. Primary osteoporosis occurs in both men and women. Usually women experience osteoporosis following menopause, and later in life for men. Secondary osteoporosis is a result of medications, other conditions or diseases. Medications increasing the risk factor include oral steroids such as prednisone, thyroid replacement, anti convulsive medications, and some cancer treatments.

The incidence of fracture is high in individuals with osteoporosis and increases with age. Osteoporotic fractures, particularly of the spine can be associated with chronic disabling pain. Approximately one third of the patients with hip fractures, are discharged to a nursing home. One in five patients will die one year after sustaining a hip fracture.

The following are risk factors in the development of Osteoporosis:

1. Family history of osteoporosis

2. Post menopausal (women)

3. Small body frame, usually weighing less than 117 lbs.

4. Diet low in calcium

5. Anti-convulsant therapy

6. Steroid therapy

7. Thyroid replacement therapy

8. Medication treatment for some cancers

9. Sedentary lifestyle

10. Use of tobacco, or alcohol

Goals for evaluation of patients at risk for osteoporosis are to establish the diagnosis of osteoporosis on the basis of assessment of bone mass, to establish the fracture risk, and to make decisions regarding the need for instituting therapy.

A history and physical examination are essential for evaluating fracture risk as well as height measurement and change in posture.

The best diagnostic test at this time is a DEXA test. It is a pinpoint x-ray, which uses a minimal amount of radiation. The test can be done without changing your clothes and takes approximately three (3) minutes, per site. The hips and spine are the bones tested to determine bone density. These bones offer the most accurate picture for diagnosing a patient with osteoporosis.

Normally the test is repeated every two (2) years, to follow a patient's progress. Some patients may need a yearly exam, especially those on oral steroids.

New medications are now available to stop the progression of osteoporosis.

Testing for Osteoporosis

Bone density testing for osteoporosis is done in the privacy of this office by the latest DEXA X-ray machine. Using a DEXA scanner, a diagnosis of osteoporosis can be detected by using the minimum amount of radiation. Dr. Eagan can evaluate your results and offer appropriate treatment if needed. Our Registered Radiology Technicians are available for your convenience in scheduling a DEXA scan.